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2003 to 2005
▪ Since early 2003, Sudanese government soldiers and their proxy militia, known as Janjaweed, have fought rebel groups in the western region of Darfur ▪ In a genocide campaign that lasted from 2003 to 2005, at least 200,000 civilians died from violence, disease, and starvation ▪ Since 2003, thousands of women have been raped and more than 2.5 million have been driven from their homes, their villages burned and property stolen ▪ Although rebel groups have contributed to the region’s insecurity, the Sudanese government bears primary responsibility for the danger to civilians ▪ Most of the displaced have not returned home because they fear that their villages will be attacked again. ▪ In March 2005, the UN Security Council referred the case of Sudan to the International Criminal Court (ICC) for investigation of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. ▪ The Sudanese Government does not call the death of civilians and refugees a genocide, but “tribal conflict.” ▪ The Government distances itself from human rights abuses and refuses foreign intervention. ▪ The International Community must implement political penalties against Sudan’s government for constricting humanitarian aid
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